Choosing your GCSE options is one of the first major decisions in your education. There is no single “right” pathway for everyone, but there are smart and informed choices. Your GCSE options shape what you will study in Years 10 and 11 and help develop important qualities such as knowledge, skills, confidence, and independence.
All students will continue to study the core subjects, which are compulsory. These include English, Mathematics and Numeracy, Science, Welsh Skills, Core PE, and Equality and Diversity.
Alongside your core subjects, you will choose from a range of optional subjects, which may include: Art, Drama, French, Geography, History, Music, PE, ICT, Product Design, Hospitality and Catering, and Health, Social Care and Childcare. These subjects are organised into option blocks, and some choices may clash, so it is important to check availability carefully.
When choosing your options, start by selecting subjects you enjoy. You will study them for two years, and enjoyment leads to greater motivation and success. Ask yourself whether you look forward to the lessons and enjoy the type of work involved.
You should also play to your strengths. Consider the subjects you currently do well in and the skills you are naturally good at, such as creativity, writing, practical work, or problem-solving. Success builds confidence and helps you stay engaged.
It is important to keep your future options open. Some GCSEs support specific careers, and universities and employers value a broad and balanced mix of subjects. Choosing wisely now can keep more opportunities available later.
Make sure you understand the course content before deciding. Ask whether the subject is mainly practical, written, or performance-based. Find out how much coursework is involved and what the assessments are like. A subject may sound exciting, but the course itself is what really matters.
Think about your preferred assessment style. Different subjects use written exams, practical performances, coursework, and portfolios. Be honest about whether you perform better in exams or ongoing coursework.
Try to balance your workload. Some subjects involve a lot of coursework, while others are mostly exam-based. A balanced choice can help manage stress and time effectively.
Avoid choosing subjects for the wrong reasons. Do not choose a subject just because your friends have chosen it, because it “sounds easy”, because you like the teacher (teachers may change), or because someone else told you to. These are your choices and your future.
Remember that every subject has value. No subject is better than another. All develop important life skills, and employers value commitment, effort, skills, and achievement.
If you need support, talk to your subject teachers, form tutor, Head of Year, parents, or carers. Ask questions — no question is too small.
Choose what you enjoy. Choose what matches your strengths. Choose what keeps doors open.
Make choices for the future you want — not the one others choose for you.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Art and Design allows pupils to explore creativity, imagination and personal expression. Pupils learn how artists and designers communicate ideas while developing practical skills across a range of materials and techniques. The course encourages independent thinking, experimentation and reflection.
What will pupils’ study?
The course consists of two units.
Unit 1: Portfolio
Pupils produce a portfolio of work developed over time. This includes researching artists and designers, exploring ideas through drawing, painting, sculpture, textiles, photography or digital media, and recording progress in sketchbooks. Pupils experiment with materials and techniques before producing final outcomes.
Unit 2: Externally Set Assignment
Pupils respond to a theme set by the exam board. They complete preparatory work and then produce a final piece during a supervised timed period.
How is the course assessed?
Who is this subject suitable for?
This subject suits pupils who are creative, self-motivated and organised. Pupils should be willing to develop ideas independently and manage their time effectively. GCSE Art and Design supports progression into creative courses, design, architecture, media and the arts.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Digital Technology focuses on how digital systems work and how digital products are created and used in the modern world. Pupils develop an understanding of digital technologies that shape everyday life, alongside practical skills in creating digital solutions. The course balances theoretical knowledge with hands-on project work, helping pupils become confident and responsible users and creators of digital technology.
What will pupils study?
The course is divided into three units, covering both knowledge and practical application.
Unit 1: The Digital World
Pupils learn how data is represented, stored and processed in digital systems. Topics include digital devices, networks, cyber security, data protection, and the ethical, legal and environmental impacts of digital technology. Pupils also explore how digital technologies have evolved and how they affect individuals, organisations and society.
Unit 2: Digital Practices
In this practical unit, pupils complete a controlled project based on a client brief set by WJEC. Pupils analyse requirements, plan solutions and create a digital product such as a website, digital graphic, multimedia product or interactive solution. They also evaluate the effectiveness of their final outcome.
Unit 3: Communicating in the Digital World
This unit focuses on using digital technology to communicate effectively with a specific audience. Pupils produce digital content that meets a given purpose and consider design, accessibility and audience needs.
How is the course assessed?
40% Digital examination (Unit 1)
40% Controlled assessment (Unit 2)
20% Controlled assessment (Unit 3)
Who is this subject suitable for?
GCSE Digital Technology is ideal for pupils who enjoy working with computers, problem-solving and creative digital tasks. Pupils should be organised and comfortable working independently. The course supports progression into digital, IT, computing, media and technology-related careers, as well as further study at post-16 level.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Drama is a creative and practical subject that develops confidence, communication and teamwork. Pupils explore how ideas, stories and emotions are communicated through performance and theatre design. The course encourages pupils to think creatively, work collaboratively and reflect on their own work and the work of others. Drama also helps pupils develop transferable skills such as public speaking, problem-solving, empathy and resilience.
What will pupils study?
Unit 1: Devising Theatre
Pupils work in groups of 2-5 to create a script in response to a stimulus set by WJEC, while learning about different practitioner techniques and genre characteristics. Pupils can focus on acting or a design role such as lighting, sound, costume or set design/staging. Pupils develop ideas, rehearse, refine and perform to an audience. Students also complete a reflective portfolio that explains and evaluates the creative process.
Unit 2: Performance from a Text
Pupils work in groups of 2-4 to study a scripted play and perform an extract. Performances are assessed by a visiting examiner, allowing pupils to demonstrate their skills under professional assessment conditions.
Unit 3: Interpreting Theatre
Pupils study a set text and learn how drama practitioners use performance techniques to communicate meaning. They also analyse live theatre and respond to unseen material in an on-screen written examination.
How is the course assessed?
30% Performance from a Text (Practical Exam)
30% Interpreting Theatre (Written Exam)
Who is this subject suitable for?
GCSE Drama is ideal for pupils who enjoy practical learning, creative expression and working with others. It suits confident performers as well as pupils interested in behind-the-scenes roles. Drama supports progression into performing arts, media, education, and any career requiring strong communication and interpersonal skills.
What is this subject about?
GCSE French develops pupils’ ability to communicate confidently in another language while building cultural awareness and understanding of the wider world. Pupils learn to use French in practical, real-life situations, developing skills that are valuable for further study, travel and employment. Language learning also strengthens memory, problem-solving and communication skills.
What will pupils study?
Pupils develop skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing, using French in meaningful and authentic contexts. All learning is based around three broad themes:
Language for leisure and wellbeing
Language for travel
Language for study and work
Within these themes, pupils learn vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation to help them express opinions, describe experiences and talk about future plans. Pupils also learn about French-speaking cultures and societies.
Pupils practise understanding spoken French through conversations, announcements and short passages. They develop reading skills by working with texts such as messages, articles and information leaflets. Writing tasks include short responses and longer pieces where pupils describe, explain and justify ideas. Speaking activities include role plays, presentations and conversations.
How is the course assessed?
The qualification is assessed across four components:
Speaking (30%)
A role play, presentation and conversation conducted in school.
Listening (20%)
A written exam testing understanding of spoken French.
Reading and Writing (50%)
A combination of reading comprehension, translation and written responses.
There is no tiering, and pupils are not permitted to use dictionaries in assessments.
Who is this subject suitable for?
GCSE French suits pupils who enjoy languages, communication and learning about other cultures. Pupils should be prepared to practise regularly and use the language both in and out of lessons. French supports progression to A level, travel opportunities and careers where language skills are highly valued, including business, tourism, education and international work.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Geography helps pupils understand the world around them and the relationship between people and the environment. The course explores physical landscapes, human activity and global challenges such as climate change, sustainability and inequality. Pupils develop enquiry skills, learn to interpret data and maps, and gain a deeper understanding of how places are changing at local, national and global scales.
What will pupils study?
The course is made up of four units, covering both physical and human geography.
Unit 1: Our Physical and Human World
Pupils study core physical topics such as rivers and landscapes, alongside human topics including settlement, population and economic activity. This unit provides essential background knowledge for the rest of the course.
Unit 2: Developing Fieldwork Skills
Pupils complete geographical fieldwork, collecting data in real environments. They learn how to plan enquiries, analyse results and evaluate findings. This develops practical skills and independence.
Unit 3: Our Dynamic and Diverse World
This unit introduces pupils to human and physical geography and how people and places are connected. Pupils learn about global inequality and human rights, as well as weather, climate and climate change. They also explore important world challenges, including threats to endangered environments and how these can be managed sustainably.
Unit 4: Sustainable Solutions
Pupils research an issue linked to sustainability and respond to tasks set by WJEC. This unit encourages problem-solving and critical thinking.
How is the course assessed?
30% Written examination (Unit 1)
25% Non-examined fieldwork assessment (Unit 2)
30% Written examination (Unit 3)
15% Non-examined assessment (Unit 4)
Who is this subject suitable for?
Geography suits pupils who are curious about the world, enjoy discussion and are interested in environmental or global issues. It supports progression into a wide range of careers including environmental science, planning, business, tourism and education.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Health and Social Care, and Childcare focuses on how people grow, develop and are supported throughout their lives. Pupils learn about health, wellbeing and care services in Wales, gaining an understanding of how professionals support children, adults and vulnerable groups. The course combines theoretical learning with applied, real-life scenarios.
What will pupils study?
The course consists of three compulsory units.
Unit 1: Health and Social Care, and Childcare in Wales in the 21st Century
Pupils study human growth and development across the life cycle and factors that affect wellbeing. They explore health promotion, legislation, values and principles that underpin care services in Wales.
Unit 2: Adult Health and Social Care
This unit focuses on adult care. Pupils learn about individual needs, common conditions and illnesses, and how professionals work together to support adults. Public health and health promotion are key themes.
Unit 3: Childcare
Pupils study child development, including physical, intellectual, language, emotional and social development (PILES). They learn about play, early intervention, childcare settings and how professionals support children’s needs.
How is the course assessed?
40% Written examination (Unit 1)
30% Non-examined assessment (Unit 2)
30% Non-examined assessment (Unit 3)
Who is this subject suitable for?
This course is ideal for pupils interested in working with people. It supports progression into health, social care, childcare, education and public service careers, as well as further study and apprenticeships.
What is this subject about?
GCSE History helps pupils understand how the past has shaped the world they live in today. Pupils explore important events, people and developments from Welsh, European and world history. The course develops critical thinking skills by encouraging pupils to question evidence, analyse different interpretations and form balanced judgements. History also supports pupils in developing literacy skills, structured writing and independent research.
What will pupils study?
The course is divided into four units, ensuring pupils gain both depth and breadth of historical knowledge.
Unit 1: An In-Depth Study of Welsh History
Pupils study one significant period in Welsh history, such as medieval Wales or modern Wales. They explore key events, individuals and developments, while learning how historians use sources and interpretations to understand the past.
Unit 2: An In-Depth Study of European or World History
This unit focuses on a major historical issue or period, such as the Black Death or the Third Reich. Pupils complete a digital historical enquiry, developing research, analysis and evaluation skills.
Unit 3: A Study of a Period in World History
Pupils study a broad historical period over time, allowing them to examine change, continuity, causes and consequences. This unit helps pupils understand how societies develop and respond to challenges.
Unit 4: A Changing Society
Pupils complete a non-examined assessment investigating change across a period of British or Irish history. This builds on skills developed earlier in the course.
How is the course assessed?
60% Written examinations (Units 1 and 3)
40% Non-examined assessment (Units 2 and 4)
Who is this subject suitable for?
History suits pupils who enjoy reading, discussion and debate. It develops skills valued by employers, including analysis, communication and independent thinking. GCSE History supports progression into A levels and careers such as law, journalism, education, politics, business and the public sector.
WJEC Level 1/2 Vocational Award
What is this subject about?
Hospitality and Catering is a practical, vocational qualification that introduces pupils to the food, hospitality and service industries. It combines hands-on cooking with understanding how the hospitality sector operates. The course develops practical life skills alongside knowledge of food safety, nutrition and customer service, making it both engaging and relevant to real-world situations.
What will pupils study?
The qualification consists of two mandatory units.
Unit 1: The Hospitality and Catering Industry
Pupils explore the structure of the hospitality and catering industry, including restaurants, cafés, hotels and food outlets. They learn about health and safety legislation, food safety, hygiene and the importance of providing excellent customer service. Pupils also explore job roles, career opportunities and the skills needed to succeed within the industry.
Unit 2: Hospitality and Catering in Action
This unit focuses on practical skills. Pupils learn about nutrition and how to plan balanced menus for different needs. They develop food preparation, cooking and presentation skills, working safely and hygienically in a kitchen environment. Pupils also evaluate their work, reflecting on strengths and identifying areas for improvement.
How is the course assessed?
Who is this subject suitable for?
This course is ideal for pupils who enjoy practical work, cooking and learning by doing. It suits pupils who are organised, independent and motivated. Hospitality and Catering provides a strong foundation for further study at college, apprenticeships or careers in catering, hospitality, food science and related industries.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Music allows pupils to develop their musical skills through performing, composing and listening. Pupils study a wide range of musical styles and cultures, learning how music communicates ideas and emotions. The course balances creativity with technical understanding and encourages pupils to develop confidence as musicians.
What will pupils study?
The course consists of three main components, which are studied throughout the two years.
Unit 1: Performing
Pupils perform at least two pieces of music, lasting a total of 4–6 minutes. They may perform as soloists, in ensembles, or using music technology. Pupils can choose their instrument or voice, allowing them to build on strengths and interests.
Unit 2: Composing
Pupils compose two original pieces of music. One is based on a brief set by WJEC and one is based on a brief created by the pupil. Pupils also complete a reflective log, explaining and evaluating their compositional choices.
Unit 3: Appraising
Pupils study a range of set works and unfamiliar pieces of music. They learn how musical elements such as rhythm, melody, harmony and texture are used. This unit develops listening skills and musical vocabulary.
How is the course assessed?
32.5% Performing (coursework)
32.5% Composing (coursework)
35% Written examination (listening and appraising)
Who is this subject suitable for?
Music suits pupils who enjoy performing or composing and are willing to practise regularly. While prior instrumental lessons are helpful, they are not essential. GCSE Music supports progression into music, performing arts, media, sound engineering and creative industries.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Physical Education and Health combines practical performance with learning about health, fitness and wellbeing. Pupils develop physical skills while also understanding how physical activity contributes to a healthy lifestyle. The course encourages pupils to analyse performance, make informed decisions and reflect on their own health and wellbeing.
What will pupils study?
The course is made up of two units.
Unit 1: Principles of Physical Education and Health
Pupils study topics such as anatomy and physiology, physical training, health and wellbeing, and the social and cultural factors that influence participation in sport and physical activity. Pupils learn how exercise affects the body and how lifestyle choices impact health.
Unit 2: Performance and Personal Training
This is the practical element of the course. Pupils are assessed in two sports or physical activities, or through performance and coaching. In addition, pupils design, carry out and evaluate a personal training programme over 8–10 weeks, tailored to improve performance in a chosen activity.
How is the course assessed?
40% Written examination (Unit 1)
60% Non-examined assessment (Unit 2 – practical performance and training programme)
Who is this subject suitable for?
This course is ideal for pupils who enjoy sport and physical activity and are committed to regular participation. Pupils should be motivated, organised and willing to reflect on their performance. GCSE Physical Education and Health supports progression into A level PE, sport, coaching, fitness, health and related careers.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Product Design is a creative and practical subject that develops problem-solving, innovation and design skills. Pupils learn how products are designed and manufactured to meet real-world needs, while considering sustainability, materials and user requirements. The course encourages creativity, resilience and independent thinking.
What will pupils study?
Across the course, pupils explore how designers and engineers respond to needs and challenges. They research existing products, analyse how they work, and use this understanding to inform their own ideas. Pupils develop skills in sketching, modelling, planning, manufacturing and evaluating.
A major part of the course is a sustained design-and-make project, where pupils identify a problem, develop design ideas, create prototypes and evaluate how effectively their final product meets the original brief. Sustainability, environmental impact and user needs are considered throughout.
How is the course assessed?
30% Written examination
A digital exam testing knowledge of materials, processes, sustainability and design principles.
70% Non-examined assessment
A design-and-make project completed over approximately 40 hours of lesson time.
Who is this subject suitable for?
This course suits pupils who enjoy practical work, creativity and hands-on problem-solving. Pupils should be willing to manage long-term projects and work independently. GCSE Product Design supports progression into engineering, construction, CAD design, fashion, manufacturing and technical apprenticeships.
Year 10
In Year 10 Product Design, pupils will develop a strong foundation of practical skills, technical knowledge and creative understanding through hands-on designing and making. They will learn how to research users, generate and develop design ideas, work with a range of materials, tools and processes, and use CAD/CAM alongside traditional workshop techniques. Pupils will also build their understanding of sustainability, materials selection, manufacturing methods and safe working practices. Throughout the year, they will undertake a series of mini coursework-style design-and-make projects, such as an LED presentation box, a storage unit, a table football game or a birdhouse, allowing them to apply their learning in realistic and engaging contexts while preparing them for the GCSE course ahead.
What is this subject about?
GCSE Separate Science (also known as Triple Science) allows pupils to study Biology, Chemistry and Physics as three distinct GCSEs. The course develops a deep understanding of how the natural world works, encouraging curiosity, logical thinking and problem-solving. Pupils gain strong scientific knowledge alongside practical skills, preparing them well for further study in science-related subjects.
What will pupils study?
Pupils study the three sciences in greater depth than Combined Science, covering a wide range of topics across Biology, Chemistry and Physics.
Biology includes cells and organisation, enzymes, bioenergetics, ecology, genetics and human health.
Chemistry explores atomic structure, the periodic table, chemical reactions, energy changes, rates of reaction and chemical analysis.
Physics covers forces, energy, waves, electricity, magnetism, radioactivity and space physics.
Throughout the course, pupils carry out practical experiments and investigations, developing skills in planning, observing, analysing results and evaluating scientific methods. Mathematical skills are used regularly across all three sciences.
How is the course assessed?
Pupils will sit six written examinations 3 in Year 10, 3 in Y11. Pupils will also sit 3 practical exam:
Biology – 2 written exams + 1 practical
Chemistry – 2 written exams + 1 practical
Physics – 2 written exams + 1 practical
Each GCSE is awarded separately. Practical skills are assessed through exam questions based on required practical activities completed during the course.
Who is this subject suitable for?
This course is suitable for pupils who enjoy science and are curious about how things work. It is particularly well suited to pupils who are academically motivated, enjoy problem-solving and are considering further study in science, mathematics, engineering or medicine. Triple Science supports progression to A-level Biology, Chemistry and Physics and a wide range of STEM-related careers.
